The Role of the Freedom Riders

At that magazine, the civil rights fecal matter in the atomic number 16 had reached an impasse. The deeply entrenched pattern of sequestration in the South which developed in the 1870s and later had not been significantly altered since then. Until the mid-1950s, the struggle for equal rights for low-spiriteds in the South and elsewhere had been led by northern-based civil rights organizations which were largely funded by white liberals and which focused on legal battles against discrimination in the courts. The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) achieved virtually major court victories, most notably the Supreme Court's 1954 finish in Br take in v. the Board of Education, which led eventually to the consolidation of the nation's nurtures. However, Weisbrot commented that in the South, that case, "by threatening white supremacy so forthrightly, intensified Southern resistance to civil rights programs" (11).

Despite the disturbance of the federal government in the Little Rock school crisis in 1957 and the passage of the Civil Rights Act of that year which accepted the Justice Department to enforce through litigation the select rights of blacks in the South, little real progress had been made there. By 1961, 99 percent of black children

King, Martin Luther, Jr. "A Legacy of Creative Protest." 4 mom Review (Autumn 1962): 43.

Kelley, Robert D. G. " independence Riders (the Sequel)." Nation, 5 February 1996, 18-22.

Weisbrot, Robert. Freedom Bound A History of America's Civil Rights Movement. New York: Norton, 1990.

Pearson, Hugh. The Shadow of the Panther. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1994.

A second round of violence erupted a few years later. Weisbrot says that "initiative for the rides passed to scores of student volunteers after CORE halted its own campaign because of mounting violence" (58). SNCC organizers Lewis and Diane Nash sent a overbold group of eight blacks and two whites back to Birmingham on whitethorn 17 where they were arrested and escorted by Connor back to the Tennessee border. Then, they were bused back again this time to Montgomery, the capital.

The Kennedy brothers persuaded Greyhound to drive them back; however, a mob in Birmingham attacked the riders and generate up many of them and also reporters and photographers as well as John Seigenthaler of the Justice Department, who was knocked unconscious by a bullock pipe.

McGill, Ralph. "The South Looks Ahead." In Civil Rights, ed. Grant S. McClelland. 81-85. New York: Wilson, 1964.

The Freedom Riders and their SNCC supporters filled a vacuum in the civil rights movement. accord to Weisbrot, "their brash conduct surprised and alarmed many honest-to-goodness blacks" (30). Their example during the sit-ins and the Freedom Rides served to solidify support in the broader black community and to turn the civil rights movement into a the great unwashed protest endeavor which reached full fruition later in the 1960s. Morris described them as the "Snick kids, with their blue jeans, naive and campaign idealism, incoherent organization, boundless courage and icy disdain for the delicately rationalized political inhibitions of the administrator" (59). Lord says that "for the first time, real crusading Negroes were pour into [Alabama], not just scholarly NAACP lawyer
Ordercustompaper.com is a professional essay writing service at which you can buy essays on any topics and disciplines! All custom essays are written by professional writers!