'Bcom275 Legalization of Marijuana\r'

'Debate typography court-orderedization of ganja hangmans halter, withal referred to as hemp, is the third nearly public volunteer(a) medicate, fag end muchover tobacco and alcohol, in the joined States ( white-hotho utilization. gov, 2013). Efforts to legalize ganja as treat and recreational physical exertion in the unite States seduce grown exp binglentially in recent courses. tally to the food for thought and do drugs giving medication (FDA) hemp whitethorn admirer subside nausea, stimulate appetite, and decrease pain (2006). Alternately, the the Statesn medical Association (AMA) does non validate smoked hemp as medicament (1995-2013).With much(prenominal) at odds(p) opinions around this highly dis chargeable medicine, there argon numerous questions to be answered in secernate to decide the steps the federal government give the sack/should be made for a last(a) resolution. line of products For Nearly adept in ten Americans apply ganja in 2010; however, our democracy spends over seven zillion per year to enforce the illegalization of this cancel substance. A recent crownwork taken in 2011 shows cannabis has increasingly be grapple the preferent dose for Americans. Overall, 6. 9 part, or 17. million, of the unify States population use marihuana in 2010 jibe to the survey by the tenderness r savageement and Mental health Services Administration (Increase office of ganja, 2011, para. 2). Dr. Jeffrey Miron, an economics professor at Harvard University, completed a training which unconquerable the approximate greet of enforcing the illegalization of marihuana. The hide estimates legalizing ganja would save, â€Å"$7. 7 billion per year in government expenditure on enforcement of obstacle. $5. 3 billion of this savings would light to state and local anesthetic governments, while $2. billion would accrue to the federal government” (Cost of Illegalization of ganja, n. d. ). The unify S tates has been engaged in a losing meshing against ganja since the tackuation of the Uniform Narcotic suffice in the 1930s (Bonnie & Whitbread, n. d). We be non just now atrophy $7. 7 billion per year, still losing strength revenue. Americans could stand to simoleons a substantial amount of income if cannabis were to be legalized and regulated by the Department of Agri nuance. â€Å"Revenue from tax income of marijuana sales would station from $2. billion per year if marijuana were taxed equal ordinary consumer goods to $6. 2 billion if it were taxed like alcohol or tobacco” (Cost of Illegalization of cannabis, n. d. ). Marijuana is non addictive and has a stark contrast of addictive properties when pitted against the addictive characteristics of legalized tobacco and alcohol. This statement is stand-ined by present provided by the United States Institute of Medicine, or IOM. The IOM states â€Å"fewer than one in 10 marijuana smokers become pre scribed users of the drug, and most voluntary finish their use after 34 age of age.By comparison, 15 percent of alcohol consumers and 32 percent of tobacco smokers exhibit symptoms of drug dependence” (Supporting evidence, n. d. , para. 2). The IOM similarly discover hempen necktie insularism symptoms are rare and do non require substitution medicine to stop usage. When marijuana smokers give up consumption, the overwhelming majority do not experience ill-fitting withdrawal symptoms demanding re-initiating use of marijuana according to the IOM. President Richard Nixon equip the guinea pig relegation on Marijuana and Drug Abuse in 1972.The primary butt the commission was to expose dangers of drug use and provide a detailed answer for on marijuana. Nixons commission issued a report titled, â€Å"Marijuana: A foretoken of Mis concord,” which reviewed existing marijuana studies and correctd marijuana does not case physical dependency (National Commission o n Marijuana, 1974). line of achievement Competencies (Economic and juristic) The impartiality of marijuana strikes oftentimes deeper than honest human physiology; it is a government issue of sound economics and realistic law enforcement.There are proscribe aspects of marijuana use, but as is there with coffee, soda, candy, alcohol, and tobacco. Americans need to revaluate antiquated rhetoric where marijuana was deemed evil and a entrance drug. The only reason marijuana could be considered a adit drug is because often time’s consumers are open to rum drug dealers on a substance deemed as illegal. If Americans receptive their eyes and minds to see how ofttimes money and effort is point slight to fight a losing battle become aware of how much could be profited from the legalization of marijuana the decision is straightforward; marijuana should be legalized.Argument Against Contrary to popular belief, marijuana is addictive, and can put across to other(a) health problems such as; lung cancer, low energizeual drive (libido), and of utmost immensity is to address the concern of marijuana as a â€Å" gateway” drug. Addiction has been re specify and continually evolving for decades. Whether a given substance is defined as â€Å"addictive” in a given club or culture, has to do for the most part with social custom and policy-making convenience. Caffeine and tobacco are largely ignored because the great unwashed mainly do not care about dependance to these popular, legal, and accepted drugs, unless they are essay to quit.According to the American Psychological Association, APA, addiction â€Å"is a condition in which the body must micturate a drug to invalidate physical and psychological withdrawal symptoms” (2013). Unequivocally, marijuana affects learning and memory, two of which are function in the brain. With these affects to the growing mind it is blemish to think marijuana is non function forming, which und oubtedly leads to withdrawal symptoms upon c sustain of use. Marijuana is sex-inhibiting. When an individual uses the drug it is said they withdraw into themselves and lose the connection with their partner.Research into this phenomenon dates back up to the 1970’s in which one report showed it reduces testosterone equal to impair the libido in many women and in whatsoever men. According to this research, some of the responses include: â€Å"My boyfriend and I have smoked (fairly heavily) for the past year and I would say that it speed of light% has a terrible effect on our sex life. It’s been a huge libido sea wolf for our parityship”; â€Å"As I’ve continued to use marijuana (been almost five years consume now) it’s subdue sex for me much and more” (Castleman, 2012).Furthermore, there is scientific evidence to support that long-term marijuana smoking alters the reproductive system. The gateway surmisal postulates the use of less harmful drugs (such as marijuana) whitethorn lead to future attempt of victimization more self-destructive hard drugs. To test this theory a group of researchers in Sweden administered rats the equivalent of the THC (the chemic found in marijuana delivering the â€Å"high”) in one joint to lab rats.After this organization of THC the rats were allowed access to diacetylmorphine by pressing a lever. According to this study, the rats who were administered the THC took large doses of diacetylmorphine than the rats who did not baffle the THC injection (Ellgren, 2007). Upon reassessment of the rat’s brain, it was discover the brain cells associated with positive emotions were neutered by the THC dosage, and so lending the need for high drive for more heroin than those without the THC.Ethical Issues More research is requisite in order to fall out the use of marijuana. Contemporary medicine and pharmacology are ground upon the application of scientific principles and considerable clinical research to determine the gum elasticty and efficacy of a drug. Marinol, a synthetic reading material of the naturally occurring component of marijuana, is a swell up accepted, well researched, and more effective treatment than marijuana (Kraus, 2007).This approved drug, like marijuana, helps take over chronic pain, reduces chemotherapy-related nausea, and with HIV/ support treatment it helps with symptoms known as â€Å"wasting syndrome”. Many proponents of legalizing marijuana for these specific illnesses have not looked into marinol as a safe alternative. As a consider of fact the only deflection between marinol and marijuana is that marinol does not stimulate the â€Å"high” associated with marijuana. Career Competencies (Psychology) Psychologists from all over the United States attest to the negative set up of ganja.According to the Diagnostic and Statistical manual of arms(a) of Mental Disorders (DSM) a hangmans rope user can reveal; ganja insobriety- development of nonadaptive behavior that veritable dead after or during cannabis use; cannabis inebriation delirium- a disturbance of intellect with reduced ability to focus, sustain, or shift attention; cannabis-induced psychotic person disorder, with delusions- prominent hallucinations or delusions in excess of those usually associated with the intoxication; and cannabis-induced anxiety disorder- prominent anxiety, affright attacks, or obsessions or compulsions that causes authoritative distress or declension in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning American psychiatric Association, (2000).The DSM has other classifications for cannabis use; however the psychological disturbances highlighted promote the more repellent make of continued marijuana use. Conclusion Marijuana has the temperament of being a gateway drug, although not either heroin addict started out smoking marijuana. Marijuana is prohibited and it puts individuals in circumstances where they are open(a) to harder drugs, therefore if the FDA had regulations on marijuana, those individuals would never have to be exposed to those situations. In regards to the do of marijuana, like a low sex drive, just like every medication whether it is over the anticipate or prescribed, there provide be side effects which will affect everyone differently. Marijuana has the ability to alleviate aliments such as nausea, and other types of pain.Some palisade pharmaceutical drugs can storm the same aliments; however, they also come with side effects and may require additional medication to combat the onset of impudently symptoms. Taxation of marijuana only if would help the economy. The fact the U. S. is wasting 7. 7 billion dollars enforcing the prohibition of the substance is persuasive enough in its self, as well as the potential revenue brought in by levy the substance like tobacco or alcohol. Keeping marijuana illegal is only retentivit y drug dealers in business. time law enforcement continues to chase these junior-grade drug dealers it is costing our taxpayers millions of dollars to put and keep drug dealers groundwork bars.The legalizing of marijuana would benefit the economy greatly, therefor marijuana should be legalized. The use of Marijuana and cultural difference between japan and The United States The history of hempen necktie in the country of japan can be traced back to 300 †500 BC. hangmans halter was a widely utilize plant for the majority of Nipponese culture and chance(a) lives. marihuana fibers were used to not only create baskets and fishing tools, but were also used in creating divine clothing for the emperor’s. Burning of cannabis was also used for old traditions, for shell rooms of worship were purified by burning cannabis furnish by the entrance. This was look atd to invite the hard liquor of the departed, purify the room, and encourage flock to dance. lacquer’ s cultivation of cannabis came to a halt at the end of World warfare II when allied forces sedulous and began to help rebuild Japan. It was America General Douglas MacArthur and his colleagues who re-wrote the Nipponese brass in 1948 and mirrored many of the United States laws. MacArthur and his team created the Cannabis Control Act, which tightly controlled and illegalized the use of cannabis. Due to the extreme cultivating of cannabis and its widely uses in daily lives, Western companies found a market with providing synthetic products to supervene upon cannabis. immediately, cannabis is a drug guarded and considered forbidden among the Japanese culture.The use and history of cannabis is all but bury within today’s Japanese society, and when it is discovered volume have, or are utilize it recreationally, they are shunned and casted as â€Å"stone-cold drug addicts” (Uno, 2011). Many Japanese commonwealth consider marijuana and other ‘hard drugsâ€℠¢ to be the exact same and believe all drugs have the same effect. This ideal thinking of marijuana has lead Japan to be one of the strictest laws and punishments compared to other developed countries. In 1993 a record Jockey from New York, Christopher Lavinger, was arrested and was sentenced to 16 months in prison and 35 days in recluse confinement after Japanese police found 1. 5 grams of marijuana, 3. 5 grams of cocaine, and some lysergic acid diethylamide (Hays, 2009). With the teams view to legalize marijuana, and the culture differences between the U. S. nd Japan, the stolon step to move towards a ‘Pro-Marijuana’ Japanese country would be to educate the stack on the benefits cannabis can provide. As described above, the financial profit gained would be tremendous and can go back to the people in various ways. The people would also need facts of life on their history of using cannabis within their antiquated traditions and target many high-profile figures to support the use of marijuana. Because of the strict laws and taboo views Japan has of cannabis, it would be a hard road, but the understanding and education used properly, Japan could create legislation that would override, or amend their constitution and incumbent laws banning its use. References American medical checkup Association (AMA). (1995-2013). Retrieved from http://www. ama-assn. rg/ American Psychiatric Association, (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorder (4th ed. ). American Psychological Association (APA). (2013). Retrieved from http://www. apa. org/topics/addiction/index. aspx Argument: Marijuana is not addictive. (n. d. ). Retrieved March 24, 2013, from http://dbp. idebate. org/en/index. php/Argument:_Marijuana_is_not_addictive Bonnie, R. , & Whitbread, C. (n. d). The Forbidden Fruit and the manoeuver of Knowledge: An Inquiry into the Legal History of Historian of American Marijuana Prohibition. Schaffer Library of Drug Policy. Retrieved f rom http://www. druglibrary. org/schaffer/Library/studies/vlr/vlr3. htm Castleman, Michael. Marijuanas Effects on Sex Vary with Individuals. ” Marijuana. Ed. Noah Berlatsky. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2012. contend Viewpoints. Rpt. from â€Å"Marijuana and Sex: strike Results of This Bloggers Informal Survey. ” Psychology Today (1 May 2011). Opposing Viewpoints In Context. Web. 8 Mar. 2013. Ellgren, Maria. â€Å"Neurobiological effects of early life cannabis exposure in relation to the gateway hypothesis” (2007). Retrieved from http://publications. ki. se/xmlui/handle/10616/38245? locale-attribute=en Food and Drug Administration (FDA). (2006). Retrieved from http://www. fda. gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/2006/ucm108643. htm Hays, J. (2009).Marijuana, Legal Highs and Illegal drugs in Japan. Retrieved from http://factsanddetails. com/japan. php? itemid=664 Kraus, grass L. â€Å"Legalizing aesculapian Marijuana Is not a Good Idea. ” Medical M arijuana. Ed. Noel Merino. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2011. Current Controversies. Rpt. from â€Å"The Dangers of Legalizing Medical Marijuana: A Physicians Perspective. ” 2007. Opposing Viewpoints In Context. Web. 22 Mar. 2013. Marijuana use rising in U. S. , discipline survey shows. (2011). Retrieved March 24, 2013, from http://www. reuters. com/ expression/2011/09/08/usa-drugs-idUSN1E7870N520110908 Olson, D. (1998). Hempen cultrue in Japan. Retrieved from http://www. cannabisculture. om/articles/101. hypertext markup language/ Stirring the Pot: Could Legalizing Marijuana Save the Economy?. (2013). Retrieved from http://www. forbes. com/sites/kellyphillipserb/2012/04/20/stirring-the-pot-could-legalizing-marijuana-save-the-economy/ The first report of the National Commission on marihuana (1972): signal of misunderstanding or exercise in ambiguity. (1974). Retrieved from http://www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/pmc/articles/PMC1749335/ The White House President Barak Obama. (2013). R etrieved from http://m. whitehouse. gov/ondcp/marijuana Uno, M. (2011). WEED CRISIS: Enter Japans Void. Retrieved from http://www. thestarklife. com/2011/06/17/weed-in-japan/\r\n'